There were 50 hate-crime homicides and four forced disappearances committed against the LGBTQI+ community in the first eight months, according to the National Observatory of Crimes Against LGBTQI persons. In April the government passed a penal code reform eliminating the statute of limitations for sexual crimes against minors, including child pornography distribution, child sex tourism, corruption of minors, pederasty, sexual abuse, and rape. The Quintana Roo prosecutor general confirmed police officers used disproportionate force during the arrest. The governments National Protection Mechanism to Protect Journalists and Human Rights Defenders provided panic buttons, bodyguards, and temporary relocation to journalists and human rights defenders. The pandemic severely impacted the economy, resulting in a significant increase in the number of children engaging in child labor. Nayarit state Exercise Increased Caution. - It's been estimated that 18% of all prisoners in Mexico City have lived in Iztapalapa. Although Cancun is far from what I'd consider a completely safe city, it's far from overly dangerous. He fled to Israel, and the government requested that the Israeli government issue an arrest warrant and extradite him. Nevertheless, women nationwide faced obstacles to accessing emergency services due to health providers personal objections to emergency contraception or misunderstanding of their legal obligations to provide services. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Nuevo Leon state. Mexicos foreign policy regarding human rights under the Lpez Obrador administration has been based on the principle of non-intervention. In June, Mexico criticized other countries in the region that had condemned the jailing of critics and opposition candidates in Nicaragua, saying that they were intervening in Nicaraguas internal affairs. Most National Guard personnel are seconded from the army and navy and have the option to return to their services after five years. Of the 32 states, 29 stipulate similar penalties, although sentences were often more lenient. In August the Mexico City congress approved a reform allowing LGBTQI+ children ages 12 years and older to legally change their gender on their birth certificate. Following the August 2020 killing of Pablo Morrugares, El Diario de Iguala newspaper published a note blaming organized crime and Governor Hector Astudillo Flores administration for violence against journalists and impunity. While not directed at tourists, shootings between rival gangs have injured innocent bystanders. In July 2020 authorities extradited Lozoya, former director of PEMEX, the state-owned petroleum company, from Spain. The federal government and states continued to implement the law on forced disappearances. Chiapas state Exercise Increased Caution. Some companies reportedly did not implement effective protective measures for employees, and one factory, owned by Eaton Corporation in Baja California, was operating illegally and was closed after it placed chains on its doors to prevent 800 workers from leaving. Security experts said government candidate protection programs, which did not cover all those eligible, had a negligible impact on curbing political violence. And from theSembrando Vidaprogram to grow fruit trees to vocational programs for youth at-risk of succumbing to criminality, these Lpez Obrador administration programs have been riddled with problems. In July 2020 the CNB launched a public version of the National Registry of Disappeared and Missing Persons. The Interior Secretariat reaffirmed its commitment to protect refugee applicants even as the country experienced an unprecedented number of applicants. It might seem that 2022 is starting off with important positive news about the crime and security situation in Mexico. The constitution provides indigenous persons the right to self-determination, autonomy, and education. Mexico: most common crimes witnessed in Mexico 2022 Share of respondents who witnessed a crime in Mexico in 2022, by type Mexico: victimization rate 2012-2021 Mexico: victimization. Legally mandated joint management and labor committees set standards and are responsible for overseeing workplace standards in plants and offices. In April authorities arrested and prosecuted Alexis Rafael Valadez Vazquez under the new law for publishing intimate photographs of women online, without their consent, to extort them. Most homicides are targeted assassinations against members of criminal organizations. The law establishes a requirement to observe parity in the designation of public officials at every level (federal, state, local) in all three branches of government. As a result, Mexico has one of the lowest rates of Covid-19 testingand highest rates of positive test resultsin the world. Local commentators pointed to the electoral authorities quick and transparent publishing of results as increasing citizen trust in the electoral and democratic system. There were some complaints of illegal searches or illegal destruction of private property. Although the law requires entities recruiting for overseas employment to register with the STPS, there is no enforcement mechanism, and only a handful of recruiters complied. Reforms to the Prosecutor Generals Office split the Office for Combating Violence Against Women and the Trafficking in Persons offices in an effort to elevate these issues by giving each its own special prosecutor general. Law enforcement capacity is greater in the tri-city area of Tampico, Ciudad Madero, and Altamira, which has a lower rate of violent criminal activity compared to the rest of the state. The official leading Mexicos response has called large-scale testing useless and a waste of time, despite the World Health Organizations insistence on the importance of testing. Many women working in the industry reported suffering some form of abuse. In March 2021, a lawyer for the families of victims told Reuters that no soldiers had yet been detained, despite the video evidence. The states with the most teenage pregnancies were Chiapas, Coahuila, and Guerrero, and Tabasco. On January 14, community leaders went to the municipal headquarters of Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero, to urge revocation of Protestant families local property rights for refusing to participate in the construction and servicing of the local Catholic church. Informal Sector: According to INEGI informal workers represented 56 percent of total workers in the country as of the second quarter of the year. Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout the state. Also see the Department of Labors Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/ as well as the Department of Labors List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. In August 2020 attackers fired multiple shots at the building housing the printing facilities of El Diario de Iguala. The Jalisco government disarmed the municipal police force of Ixtlahuacan and turned over public security duties to the National Guard and the Jalisco Secretariat for Public Security. Baja California state Reconsider Travel. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Mexican National Guard members arrest a migrant who tried crossing the Ro Bravo in Ciudad Jurez, Mexico on April 19, 2021, Share this via Facebook Observers from grassroots labor rights groups, international NGOs, and multinational apparel brands reported that employers in export-oriented supply chains increasingly used hiring methods that lessened job security. The Catholic Multimedia Center reported that criminal groups harassed priests and other religious leaders in some parts of the country and subjected them to extortion, death threats, and intimidation. But the federal government has dramatically cut budgets to both and thus gutted the already often-inadequate local capacities, even though its own 2019 security strategy centered on relying on municipal police for security. In May in Chicoloapan, state of Mexico, municipal police beat and detained supporters of feminist groups as they led a protest against gender-based violence and political parties. Underage children in urban areas earned money by begging, washing windshields, selling small items, or performing in public places. In the first six months of the year, Article 19 registered 362 attacks against journalists and accused public officials of committing 134 of them. Read all the Order from Chaos content, Nonstate armed actors and illicit economies in 2022, declined by 3.6% from the previous year to 33,308, U.S.-Mexico Bicentennial Framework for Security, Public Health, and Safe Communities, Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology, Drug Trafficking & Counter-Narcotics Policy, The nexus between the illicit narcotics trade and corruption, The travails of the US-Mexico High-Level Security Dialogue, Criminal violence, politics, and state capture in Michoacn, USMCA Forward 2023: Building more integrated, resilient, and secure supply chains in North America, USMCA Forward 2023 Chapter 1: National Security, Strategic partner of choice: Canadas role in enhancing North American supply chain resiliency. Mexico endorsed the Safe Schools Declaration in May 2021. Since 2013, the number of applications received has nearly doubled every year. On February 6, the federal Law Against Digital Harassment took effect. The Prosecutor Generals Office also obtained an arrest warrant against Lozoyas mother for money laundering, and in 2019 Interpol agents arrested her in Germany. Violent crime is widespread. The Lpez Obrador administration has been illegally expelling thousands of asylum seekers to Guatemala without due process, including many who were first expelled from the US into the custody of Mexican authorities. The government, in conjunction with international organizations, made efforts to promote the safe, voluntary return, resettlement, or local integration of IDPs. The government increased the CNB budget 8 percent over the 2020 budget. In the face of uninvestigated violence, many journalists self-censor. Conflicts arose from the interpretation of indigenous communities self-governing normative systems. Uses and customs laws apply traditional practices to resolve disputes, choose local officials, and collect taxes, with limited federal or state government involvement. While safety is a concern, visitors are urged to be extra vigilant to stay safe during their time here. Politicians publicly discredited and criticized such journalists, however. The INE requested information from all 32 states, reviewed a sample of 1,177 of the 6,962 federal deputy candidates, and canceled the registration of three candidates for filing false reports. State preventive police report to state governors, while municipal police report to mayors. Federal law criminalizes spousal abuse. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. As a security official in theTierra Calienteexplained to me, the objective of the deployments of the National Guard or joint patrols is not to fight the criminals, or even to deter them: We send the National Guard in joint patrols with state police or the military to stand on the street. The increase in domestic violence cases that began during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic continued. INEGI reported in 2017 that 23 percent of working women experienced violence in the workplace within the past 12 months and that 6 percent experienced sexual violence. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Hidalgo state. In a June International Organization for Migration survey, 20 percent of citizens and 35 percent of third-country migrants reported using a smuggler to arrive to the U.S.-Mexico border. Over 6 million people visited Puerto Vallarta in 2022 alone - most of which had a perfectly safe visit! In March authorities in Mexico City opened an investigation based on allegations of rape against Andres Roemer, a prominent writer, producer, consular officer, and former UNESCO goodwill ambassador. The constitution prohibits discrimination based on ethnicity, and a federal law prohibits all forms of discrimination. In July 2020 legislators approved a law making all judicial sentences public. San Luis Potosi state Exercise Increased Caution. He has promised to rescue Mexicos coal and oil industries and has introduced reforms that favor state-owned fossil-fuel power plants over renewable energy sources. In many states, police presence and emergency services are extremely limited outside the state capital or major cities. Several indigenous communities brought legal actions to oppose the construction, many of which were dismissed or denied. More News. Unprecedented numbers of migrants arriving at the countrys southern border and requesting refugee status stretched the refugee agencys capacity to process requests. According to civil society organizations, up to 3,250 persons, mostly women and children from indigenous communities, were forcibly displaced in July in Chenalho and Pantelho, Chiapas, due to territorial disputes between armed groups. Observers noted that it also increased the likelihood of work-related illness and injury. Enforcement, however, was inconsistent across the states. Not all public defenders were qualified, however, and often the state public defender system was understaffed. The CABs operate under a tripartite system with government, worker, and employer representatives, with worker representation on the CABs selected based on majority representation, which was held by entrenched nondemocratic unions that sign protection contracts with complicit employers to secure low wages. Torture is widely practiced to obtain confessions and extract information. The National Council to Prevent Discriminations 2017 national survey on discrimination found 58 percent of Afro-Mexicans and 65 percent of indigenous persons considered their rights were respected little or not at all. The survey also reported 22 percent of persons said they would not share a household with an Afro-Mexican. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining, b. Defendants have the right to free assistance of an interpreter, if needed, although interpretation and translation services for indigenous languages were not always available. According to the Mexican Statistical Agency (INEGI) in Mexico there were a total of 36,773 homicides in 2020, according to the SESNSP there were a total of 34,555 murders that same year. Some employers attempted to influence bargaining-rights elections through the illegal hiring of temporary or fake employees immediately prior to the election to vote for the company-controlled union. The Federal Center took over registration functions nationwide on November 3 and was preparing to launch a national union registry to contain all files related to union registration and statutes, collective bargaining agreements, and union financial statements. Additionally, U.S. citizens have been the victims of both non-violent and violent crimes in tourist and non-tourist areas. Human rights and environmental activists, many from indigenous communities, continued to be targets of violence. If you wish to remain on travel.state.gov, click the "cancel" message. The army and the navy have human rights units to create protocols and training. In Guadalajara, territorial battles between criminal groups take place in tourist areas. Most newspapers, television stations, and radio stations were privately owned. Note: The safety and security equipment and services sector encompasses several different segments, including some defense products. Abuses of time limits on pretrial detention were endemic in state judicial systems. There were reports of security forces using excessive force against demonstrators. Disposition: Inactive U.S. government employees may not travel between cities after dark, may not hail taxis on the street, and must rely on dispatched vehicles, including app-based services like Uber, and regulated taxi stands. The country may be the top destination for U.S. travelers, but violent crime is soaring, leaving travelers questioning whether Mexico is safe to visit. Despite these prohibitions, there were reports of security forces torturing suspects. There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Durango state. The only policy to assist people with disabilities is a non-contributive disability pension that reaches only 933,000 people of the 6,179,890 who live in the country. Mexico has made the vaccine eligible by regions and age groups, from older to younger people. Mexican laws do not adequately protect women and girls, including those with disabilities, against gender-based and sexual violence. Across the criminal justice system, many actors lacked the necessary training and capacity to carry out their duties fairly and consistently in line with the principle of equal justice. Under the Mrida Initiative, the U.S. often provided the crucial and only anti-corruption, anti-collusion oversight in Mexicos security strategiesand tactical operations as well as a stimulus and reinforcement to Mexicos will to take on criminal groups and the lack of rule of law. As of July the CNB reported that there were 89,572 missing or disappeared persons in the country. Their abduction followed the killings of two Yaqui activists and leaders: Thomas Rojo in May and Luis Urbano in June. The Federal Center, however, estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of those collective bargaining agreements would undergo a legitimization vote because the worksite where the agreement was valid had closed, the work for which the agreement was negotiated had concluded, or the contract was a protection contract held by a nonrepresentative union. The Lpez Obrador administration has actively participated in abusive US immigration policies. In 2016 all civilian and military courts officially transitioned from an inquisitorial legal system based primarily upon judicial review of written documents to an accusatorial trial system reliant upon oral testimony presented in open court. Between September 2020 and June, the STPS reported conducting labor inspections in 22,350 work centers nationwide benefiting more than three million workers. Women with disabilities suffer disproportionate violence. This includes information about the geographic distribution of S&E activities; science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) employment opportunities; geographic . Tweets disseminated their identities and their media outlets and also made veiled threats. Some public officials blocked critical journalists and media from following their social media accounts. Human rights violationsincluding torture, enforced disappearances, abuses against migrants, extrajudicial killings, gender-based violence, and attacks on independent journalists and human rights defendershave continued under President Andrs Manuel Lpez Obrador, who took office in December 2018. Inspectors generally were permitted to examine the informal sector only in response to complaints. In June 2020, Mexico was elected as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council for 2021 to 2022. As a result the new Chamber of Deputies had 37 indigenous deputies, six Afro-Mexican deputies, four LGBTQI+ deputies (including two transgender deputies), and eight deputies with disabilities. In addition to the outstanding Zeron arrest warrant, the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case issued 12 warrants and made 10 arrests for investigative irregularities, such as torture and obstruction of justice. U.S. citizens are advised to adhere to restrictions on U.S. government employee travel. U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of Sinaloa state. Mexico is also one of the most dangerous countries in the world for human rights defenders. U.S. government employees should avoid traveling alone, especially in remote areas. Last Updated: Reissued with updates to health information. The law mandates the creation of a public registry of companies supplying specialized services to verify only registered companies fulfilling tax and administrative requirements may supply those services. The government worked with UNHCR to improve access to refugee status and the procedure to determine refugee status, reception conditions for vulnerable migrants and refugee applicants, and integration in local communities (including access to school, work, and other social services) for those approved for refugee and complementary protection status. In-country Movement: There were numerous instances of armed groups limiting the movements of migrants, including by threats and acts of kidnapping, extortion, and homicide. Labor recruiters enticed families to work during harvests with verbal promises of decent wages and a good standard of living. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Additionally, some indigenous students did not receive the breakfasts and lunches normally included in the full-time school meal program, according to a UNESCO study. Occupational Safety and Health: The law requires employers to observe occupational safety and health regulations, issued jointly by the STPS and Institute for Social Security. This decision prevented a protection union from attempting to stop the strike by filing a challenge to the Mineros Unions control of the existing collective bargaining agreement at the San Martin mine in Sombrerete, Zacatecas. If all countries commitmentswere in a similar range, warming would reach up to 3C by the end of the century. In July the army provided reparations to two of the three families of persons killed in July 2020 by soldiers in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, during an encounter with suspected cartel members. The National Program for the Integral Protection of Children and Adolescents, mandated by law, is responsible for coordinating the protection of childrens rights at all levels of government. In September, the Secretary of Defense announced that only military policeno civilian prosecutorswere investigating. And indeed, it doesnt respond. Nuevo Leon state Exercise Increased Caution. Women and girls continue to face alarming rates of gender-based violence. President Lpez Obrador said the program had produced very good results.. A 2016 ruling by the Supreme Court removed the cap on fines for moral damages, leaving journalists vulnerable to exorbitant fines. If the relevant authority accepts a CNDH recommendation, the CNDH is required to follow up with the authority to verify that it is carrying out the recommendation. As of September authorities made no arrests regarding the 2020 killing of prominent indigenous and environmental rights defender Homero Gomez. Legal and illegal fishermen and entire associations and industries feel they have no backup from the Mexican government to resist the narcos takeover. Responsibility for registration of unions and collective bargaining agreements, including amendments to their statutes, shifted to the Federal Conciliation and Labor Registration Center in November 2020 for the eight phase-one states. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Six female candidates became governors, the largest number in the history of the country. Mexico's defense secretary, Luis Cresencio Sandoval, has defended his government's tactics, calling the attacks a counteroffensive against growing government pressure, including the deployment of. Unlike the Federal Police which the Lpez Obrador administration dismantled, the National Guard is nominally supposed to be stationed in a locality permanently. While the Supreme Court upheld the provisions, it noted the need for authorities to obtain a judicial warrant to access user metadata. (Lpez Obrador falsely claimed in November 2021 that a deal to end forest loss by 2030 reached at the global climate summit in Glasgow was inspired by Sowing Life.) Most indigenous persons lived in marginalized communities, and the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionally affected these communities, according to the OHCHR. In 2019, he created the National Guard to replace the Federal Police as the governments principal law enforcement body. 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