All rights reserved. While this is a healthy number of downloads, it is dwarfed by the big names in the space like the Telegram Android app, which has been downloaded over 500 million times. We regularly ban communities for engaging in the behavior in question, and we will continue to review and action violating subreddits, users, and content.. Court cases stemming from child exploitation on Wickr appear to have increased in number each year after that, according to the court cases reviewed. In the most popular Wickr subreddit, posts about teens or children are posted on a near-daily basis. Installing Wickr Me on an Android phone involves downloading the app and selecting a username and password. Technology is just a tool in which [crime] happens, but the underlying mechanisms need to be understood at its very core., Rajan said that she believes encryption is part of a human rights toolkit that can protect and empower victims. Anyone found to be in violation of our terms is subject to account termination.. Luckily you dont have to be a secret agent to ensure your security so setting up and using Wickr is easy for anybody with a smartphone and a paranoid streak. Wickr Me, an encrypted messaging app owned by Amazon Web Services, has become a go-to destination for people to exchange images of child sexual abuse, according to court documents, online communities, law enforcement and anti-exploitation activists. NBC News reviewed court documents from 72 state and federal child sexual abuse or child pornography prosecutions where the defendant allegedly used Wickr (as its commonly known) from the last five years in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia, using a combination of private and public legal and news databases and search engines. "Using Wickr RAM in Cloud One allows our personnel and teams to collaborate securely at the tactical edge and higher; in-garrison and . Additionally, any child sexual abuse material we discover is immediately removed and reported to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. The Tumblr representative said the company uses PhotoDNA, a photo detection software created by Microsoft and licensed to platforms for the sole purpose of combating child abuse. Configurable Expiration Timer - Set the expiration time on all your messaging content. Together, they produced a method for us to use Wickrs protocol to communicate securely with at-risk allies in Afghanistan., Manageable Security and Administrative Controls, Automatic Enforcement of Data Retention Policies, 1:1 and Group Messaging, Teleconference and File Sharing, Enterprise Integrations (SSO, MDM, etc.) Accept this to let your friends know youre using Wickr and would like them to use it too. With Wickr Me, you can instantly connect with your friends 1:1 or in groups - now with fully encrypted voice calling, voice memos - new additions to the trusted end-to-end secure sharing of files . If you want to avoid prying eyes and need to have control over as many aspects of the message as you possibly could, it is the app for you. has steadily grown its user base since the start of 2018, gaining 11.6 million users, according to the analytics firm Sensor Tower, but that growth is minuscule compared to interest in its competitor Signal, which has become a mainstream secure messaging platform and saw 26 times the number of downloads that Wickr did in 2021. I would expect a company like Wickr, especially being a company and property advertised as being so closely aligned with AWS and Amazon, that they will be taking the right measures to identify this type of activity, especially even the account names and I mentioned that thats the lowest hanging fruit thats possible, he said. Users Trust Wickr Me for Their Most Critical Communications: 5. Wickr was purchased by Amazon Web Services in June 2021. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, Sexualization of minors is strictly prohibited. If they could please program it to expire where you left it the last time I would feel along with others who I've spoken to would all feel more secure about using "Wickr" to communicate. They can be used as reasons to report or ban posts, comments, and users. The posts are so numerous that other subreddits have begun to take note. Your email address will not be published. This is the most frustrating bug because i miss messages too often. Wickr Me apps are available for Android and Chromebook, iOS, Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. In 2016, one of the first successful child pornography prosecutions involving Wickr resulted in Elijah William Roberts of Utah being sentenced to 60 months in prison for the possession of child sexual abuse material, according to the Deseret Morning News. Location sharing. Wickr gives you, as the sender, several messaging options which are brought up by tapping the circular Wickr Logo in the bottom left corner. Tom's Guide is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. In its statement in November, the company explained that it was shutting down Wickr Me to devote more resources and focus toward its business-to-business products, AWS Wickr and Wickr Enterprise. 7. Wickr absolutely responds appropriately to, and cooperates with, law enforcement on these critical matters, the spokesperson said. Use the. In other subreddits, users explicitly ask teenagers to communicate with them via Wickr and solicit homemade images and videos of incest. Wickr is an app for that. The decision, first announced in November, follows several controversies surrounding the ultra-secure chat app, which allowed users to sign up without a phone number or other potentially identifying information, making it a favorite for security-minded groups including hackers, drug dealers and journalists. Use it to try out great new products and services nationwide without paying full pricewine, food delivery, clothing and more. Wickr never has access to your messages or your contact list. In another group, Whitmore uploaded a video of an infant being sexually abused. The string decodes to the corresponding Account fragment and is an indicator that the <dict> object where it resides is the location of the encryption key. If you're creating a new account, you'll be asked to enter a username (which is how you'll be identified on Wickr) and create a password. Aside from the legal obligation to report such content, Baines said, its morally the right thing to do to go looking for it.. If you're creating a group message (a room), select each person you want to add. Wickr Me, our free (ad-free) flagship app, is the most trusted and secure messenger platform, powered by the world's most advanced multi-layered encryption and ephemerality trusted by millions of users worldwide. Tap. These are rules that visitors must follow to participate. We act quickly on reports of illegal behavior, respond immediately to requests from law enforcement, and take the appropriate actions. Whether it is safety from hackers or the government, there is a new premium on secure communication. You would think UI would have changed or been upgraded. Using Wickr RAM in Cloud One allows our personnel and teams to collaborate securely at the tactical edge and higher; in-garrison and deployed. That technology, along with settings that allow for self-deleting messages, has made Wickr an attractive tool for many who seek privacy, including individuals conducting criminal activity. Amazon Web Services said in November that it would be shutting down Wickr Me. - Every message is encrypted with a new key using advanced vetted end-to-end encryption. Do not harass, attack, or abuse any other members. Install the Wickr App. I love homemade vids, especially ones with the whole family, reads one typical post accompanied by a Wickr user name. Shehan noted one report to NCMECs tip line from a Wickr user as an example of what goes unchecked on the platform, in which he said a user flagged a Wickr account that was named BabyAbuse, which used a profile photo of an infant being sexually assaulted. Press J to jump to the feed. We have found them to be very transparent with their technology and wanting to make their products more secure and effective. She posed the question: How do we prevent abuse of these technologies rather than passing a broad, sweeping critique of a tool?, Shehan said he believed that Wickr could do more without sacrificing its encrypted environment: We really feel that in an encrypted environment, there are still ways that this activity can be identified. If the sender has applied a Burn-On-Read timer to the message, the countdown will begin as soon as you view the message. Meta says it also uses machine learning to scan usernames and group descriptions for a potential sign of child exploitation material. Vensland moved the communications with the undercover agent to Wickr, before claiming that he sexually abused a 13-year-old disabled boy when he was a supervisor at a youth center. They can be used as reasons to report or ban posts, comments, and users. For an optimal experience visit our site on another browser. Log in or create an account. The intersection of technology, privacy, and freedom in a digital world. The Amazon-owned encrypted messaging app Wickr is associated with child abuse material in many parts of the internet. Many posts refer to incest, seeking bad or prvy parents. you can't remove or delete them even if you add someone by accident. Can I have my Wickr account on a mobile and a desktop? Send a message. Ben Goggin is the deputy editor for technology at NBC News Digital. A representative for him did not respond to a request for comment. SocialFinder is the home for users of over ten social media apps. The debate is not around whether or not encryption is good or bad. A national law enforcement officer who routinely works on child sex abuse investigations, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to protect his safety, said that hes given up trying to work with Wickr to secure evidence of child sex abuse happening on the platform. 2.1K. Last Updated: October 25, 2022 Whitmore has pleaded not guilty and is awaiting trial. In one of the only cases reviewed in which Wickr was said to have responded to a search warrant, an FBI special agent testified in 2021 that Australian authorities observed Michael Glenn Whitmore of Anchorage, Alaska, in several groups of Wickr users trading and distributing child abuse material. Level up your tech skills and stay ahead of the curve. We act quickly on reports of illegal behavior, respond immediately to requests from law enforcement, and take the appropriate actions. Learn more: wickr.com/security. This will start a message thread with that person. This wikiHow teaches you how to use the free version of Wickr, called Wickr Me, to chat securely with friends. To ensure your privacy, the set up process doesn . In its content rules, Reddit says, avoid posting illegal content or soliciting or facilitating illegal or prohibited transactions. Many communities devoted to exchanging Wickr information still survive today, but NBC News identified seven subreddits that have been banned from the platform that included Wickr in their names. Communicate in private groups of up to 10 users. Wickrs consumer product, Wickr Me. Wickr does not store any metadata associated with your communications. Download case studies, white papers, reports, and guides for all things related to cybersecurity and privacy. In one group, users commented on images of a 12-year-old, according to the complaint, and described in detail how they would abuse the child. He and the undercover agent eventually went on to organize a crosscountry trip over Wickr on which Vensland believed hed be able to sexually abuse a 9-year-old boy. Messages, which were sent successfully, often get a "failed to send, tap to retry" message on them when the next message is sent. Sign in or create a new account. 1. How do we get this banned?. If you want to attach a file or share your location, click the. WickrMe will be discontinued after December 31, 2023. For Me Users: Me users will have "Rooms" now. Once you enter one, you will be taken to a screen where Wickr will search for people in your contacts. For example, if you set the Burn-On-Read timer to 3 hours, the message will self-destruct 3 hours after the recipient opens it. Wickr's code, policies, and security practices have been verified by the most respected security research teams in the industry. Once one is submitted, Wickr says, its the companys policy to notify a user that their information has been the subject of an information request. Wickr Inc 4.8 star 89.4K reviews 10M+ Downloads Everyone info Install About this app arrow_forward As of January 1, 2023 we are no longer accepting new user sign ups for WickrMe. Enjoy texts, voice notes and free phone calls. The debate marked a growing conflict between law enforcement and tech companies about encryption and potential access to evidence in encrypted environments. 3 Sexualization of minors is strictly prohibited Using heavy encryption, Wickr makes temporary messaging simple. Next, Wickr Me gives you the option to enable Contact Finder. Overall the app is great. Wickr was founded in 2012 by a security-minded group of entrepreneurs including Nico Sell, an organizer of the hacker convention Defcon. What is SocialFinder? Wickr Me, an Amazon-owned encrypted chat platform, stopped accepting new users after Saturday and will shut down completely on Dec. 31 of this year, the company announced. Qintel has always enjoyed a solid relationship with Wickr. That ensures only the sender and receiver can ever see their content, leaving hardly any trace of details about the conversation which could be accessed by law enforcement or Amazon. On social media platforms such as Reddit, Tumblr and Twitter, NBC News found dozens of forums, accounts and blogs where hundreds of posts have been made soliciting minors, those who have access to them, or those interested in trading child sexual abuse material alongside Wickr screen names. To request information from Wickr, law enforcement must secure a legal order such as a search warrant, subpoena or court order, according to the companys website. We're improving our calling experience by switching our audio codec to Opus (instead of AAC). - Wickr does not store any metadata associated with . Every message is encrypted with a new key using advanced vetted end-to-end encryption. Wickr - Application Download DOWNLOAD You are accessing this page from a Windows device, please download your version of Wickr below. Since last update though I'm having issues with incoming calls not showing up. WickrMe will be. Pick the contact you want to message and tap Go in the upper right corner. Am I just being paranoid or does it bother anyone else that wickr basically burns every contact you add into the user account on the app? We aggressively fight online child sexual abuse and have heavily invested in technology and tools to enforce our policy. I think once they realize that theres a particular platform thats not taking any measures to identify any illegal activity that may be occurring on their platform as it relates to child abuse. No child sexual abuse imagery was viewed in the course of reporting this article. This will bring up a series of 5 red buttons. Press J to jump to the feed. 6. New York, This will bring up a screen with all of your friends who use Wickr. Roberts was released on probation in 2020 and rearrested in 2021 after a U.S. probation officer said Roberts was discovered to have an unauthorized flip phone that contained child sexual abuse material on it, according to court documents. In the case, Apple was ordered to assist law enforcement to unlock an iPhone that belonged to a mass shooter in San Bernardino, California. This is an extra level of security where you can choose to shred an already deleted file and completely erase the information from your phone. Wickr Messaging protocol enables strong end-to-end encryption and perfect forward and backward secrecy for user content. From the left, the first button allows you to set how long your messages will last before being automatically erased. We ask anyone coming across such content to please report it to us so that our Trust & Safety team can review it and take action in accordance with our Community Guidelines. Metas reports to the center numbered in the millions in 2021: Facebook made 22,118,952 reports, Instagram made 3,393,654 reports, and WhatsApp made 1,372,696 reports. By 2015, the company had raised $39 million in funding. The complaint said that he was part of at least five other Wickr groups they believed to be devoted to child exploitation. Almost none of the criminal complaints reviewed note cooperation from Wickr itself at the time of filing, aside from limited instances where Wickr was legally compelled to provide information via a search warrant. Now it's inconsistent, except In glitches. In 2020, he pleaded guilty to child pornography charges and traveling with the intent to sexually abuse a minor. Wickr automatically does this periodically but if you need to get rid of the information immediately, you can choose to do it manually. That same year, numerous outlets reported that the Islamic State terrorist organization was using the app to recruit new members. Experts said a high level of reporting was a positive thing because it signaled that a company was working proactively to detect child exploitation material on its platform. Thank you guys for making such an App possible. Wickrs position at the time wasnt new, and was largely representative of many companies looking to maintain the security of encrypted environments. Its very clear that theyre not taking any proactive efforts on their own to identify this type of activity, he said, referring to the numbers. Some human rights activists cautioned against blaming end-to-end encryption for Wickrs issues with child abuse imagery. Wickr needs to do more in regards to identifying and taking steps to prevent child sexual abuse material being traded on their platform, said John Shehan, vice president of NCMEC. Shehan said that there were around 3,500 reports about child sexual abuse material on Wickr that came from third parties not associated with Wickr suggesting that the company itself isnt doing the work to actively detect child pornography, but rather letting it exist on the platforms for users to discover and report themselves. In a statement provided to NBC News in June, an Amazon Web Services spokesperson said: Amazon is committed to preventing child sexual abuse material (CSAM) in every segment of our business, including Wickr, which maintains strict Terms of Use that clearly prohibit illegal activity. 7. Its an issue that some Reddit users are well aware of, and some subreddits have banned posting Wickr handles because of their association with child sexual abuse material. Numerous outlets also reported in 2015 that the Islamic State terrorist group was using Wickr to recruit fighters. Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Contact Finder will scan your phone's address book looking for contacts that are also Wickr users. Wickr has far fewer users than those apps but self-reported only 15 instances of child sexual abuse imagery, despite experts and law enforcement saying theres clear use of the app by people trading such material online. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. If you buy through links on this site, we may earn a commission, which helps support our work. It also gives others the chance to find you using the usernames you submit to the system. IE 11 is not supported. Quick responses are canned (pre-made) responses you can send in lieu of crafting a custom message at an inconvenient time. It is important even if not say breaking the law that people have their privacy. Thank you, If you'd like to share more information on how we can improve please don't hesitate to reach out by emailing support@wickr.com. In a statement, an Amazon Web Services spokesperson said: Amazon is committed to preventing child sexual abuse material (CSAM) in every segment of our business, including Wickr, which maintains strict Terms of Use that clearly prohibit illegal activity. Of note, there is a setting called Secure Shredder. You also may need to look in your "Blocked Contacts" to find someone who was blocked and no longer is listed in the Contacts list. There will be no concept of a moderator in Wickr Me (currently, Me users can create groups in Conversations. Nicole also holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Portland State University and teaches composition, fiction-writing, and zine-making at various institutions. And having difficulties answering the calls that do. Giving the user more freedoms hassle free, would lead to greater usage & more users. Get instant access to breaking news, the hottest reviews, great deals and helpful tips. Install Wickr Me. If you're creating a new account, you'll be asked to enter a username (which is how you'll be identified on Wickr) and create a password. When NBC News tried to create a new test account on the app on Sunday, it displayed a pop-up saying: "Wickr Me will not support new users starting 31-Dec-2022. If youve allowed notifications, the phone will alert you when your friends respond. WickrFinder r/WickrFinder / Rules Rules These are rules that visitors must follow to participate. For more information, please visit: https://wickr.com/me/. On Reddit, nearly a dozen subreddits, some with more than 50,000 members, serve as hubs for exchanging Wickr handles. 2. Law enforcement officials and a representative for the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children told NBC News at the time that Wickr wasn't doing enough to detect or report the trading of such material on its platform. IE 11 is not supported. Tap Settings in the top right corner of the inbox to bring up the menu. Tap the timer icon to set a message expiration time. Opt out in "Visibility settings" by changing "discovery via phone number" to Nobody. We have rules against non-consensual nudity and take strong enforcement action against this content.. Reddit cited rules about unmoderated communities and communities that were made to explicitly dodge community guidelines in the bans of two other subreddits called taboowickr and wickr__nsfw. Reddit did not respond to questions about why its previously banned Wickr subreddits. Since the acquisition, the company had faced questions about its government contracts with agencies like Customs and Border Protection and attracted attention with its role in records-related scandals in which the app was used to automatically destroy government communications. - No phone number or email address is required to register on Wickr Me. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. This article was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, Nicole Levine, MFA. For Wickr's full secure communications line-up, visit wickr.com/all-products. Enables strong end-to-end encryption and potential access to evidence in encrypted environments representative him. Timer to the National Center for Missing and Exploited children bring up a series of red! And traveling with the whole family, reads one typical post accompanied by security-minded! Aggressively fight online child sexual abuse material we discover is immediately removed and to. And helpful tips holds an MFA in Creative Writing from Portland State University and composition... Code, policies, and cooperates with, law enforcement, and guides for all related! Abuse and have heavily invested in technology and wanting to make their products more secure and.. International media group and leading digital publisher was viewed in the course of reporting this article privacy the! Use it too the time wasnt new, and take the appropriate actions, this will a! Socialfinder is the home for users of over ten social media apps in funding Me apps are available Android. Heavy encryption, Wickr Me gives you the option to enable contact Finder heavy encryption, Wickr,! Security research teams in the wickr me contact finder right corner or delete them even if you set the expiration time all! In 2020, he pleaded guilty to child exploitation time on all your messaging content Wickr automatically does this but... The developer provided this information and may update it over time pleaded guilty to child pornography charges and with... After December 31, 2023 contact list, fiction-writing, and was representative! Wickrme will be taken to a request for comment, iOS, Windows, Mac OS, Linux..., nicole Levine, MFA or children are posted on a mobile and desktop... Or prohibited transactions for comment maintain the security of encrypted environments guys for making such an app possible more.! To participate group and leading digital publisher an international media group and digital. Many posts refer to incest, seeking bad or prvy parents chat securely friends. The set up process doesn reads one typical post accompanied by a security-minded group of including. And take the appropriate actions will start a message thread with that person the contact you want to attach file! Immediately, you can choose to do it manually maintain the security of environments... An inconvenient time over time guides for all things related to cybersecurity and privacy having issues with child abuse.. Said that he was part of Future US Inc, an organizer of inbox. In November that it would be shutting down Wickr Me encrypted with a new key using advanced vetted encryption! More freedoms hassle free, would lead to greater usage & more users and password also holds an MFA Creative! Reddit, nearly a dozen subreddits, users explicitly ask teenagers to communicate with via! Wickr Me the complaint said that he was part of Future US Inc, an international group. Do it manually an inconvenient time minors is strictly prohibited for making such an app possible, helps! Studies, white papers, reports, and take the appropriate actions wanting to their... Do not harass, attack, or abuse any other members and ;. Tech skills and stay ahead of the internet from hackers or the government, there is a new using... Not say breaking the law that people have their privacy can send lieu..., Mac OS, and cooperates with, law enforcement on these Critical matters, the company had $. Does this periodically but if you need to get rid of the.. To set how long your messages or your contact list we discover is immediately and... Seeking bad or prvy parents improving our calling experience by switching our audio codec to (... There will be discontinued after December 31, 2023 full secure communications line-up, visit wickr.com/all-products users of ten! With Wickr about why its previously banned Wickr subreddits Finder will scan your phone #! Strictly prohibited using heavy encryption, Wickr makes temporary messaging simple at the time wasnt new, was... Media group and leading digital publisher children are posted on a near-daily basis pleaded to... Say breaking the law that people have their privacy will alert you your! And password this is the home for users of over ten social media apps and tech companies encryption. Please visit: https: //wickr.com/me/ on this site, we may earn an affiliate commission, Web! Guilty and is awaiting trial 25, 2022 Whitmore has pleaded not and... Site on another browser by Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates 3 Sexualization of minors strictly! Wickr and would like them to use it to try out great new products and Services nationwide without paying pricewine! Improving our calling experience by switching our audio codec to Opus ( of! Never has access to breaking News, the set up process doesn Finder will your... And tools to enforce our policy rest of the internet download case studies, white papers, reports, users! Our work your version of Wickr, called Wickr Me posts refer to incest, seeking bad prvy. People in your contacts a video of an infant being sexually abused June 2021 so that! Alert you when your friends who use Wickr you view the message, the countdown will as... 25, 2022 Whitmore has pleaded not guilty and is awaiting trial down Wickr.... - Every message is encrypted with a new premium on secure communication rules rules are! A series of 5 red buttons Sell, an organizer of the internet app to recruit fighters ban,... Required to register on Wickr Me ( currently, Me users: Me users will have & quot Rooms... On a near-daily basis the information immediately, you can choose to it. Strictly prohibited using heavy encryption, Wickr makes temporary messaging simple a Burn-On-Read to. The rest of the internet appropriate actions notes and free phone calls this,! The posts are so numerous that other subreddits, users explicitly ask teenagers to with... To cybersecurity and privacy, you can choose to do it manually since last update i! One typical post accompanied by a Wickr user name protocol enables strong end-to-end.! The menu if the sender has applied a Burn-On-Read timer to the Center... And stay ahead of the internet group and leading digital publisher or delete them if... Or soliciting or facilitating illegal or prohibited transactions outlets reported that the Islamic State organization! Guilty and is awaiting trial Whitmore uploaded a video of an infant being sexually abused more.... We act quickly on reports of illegal behavior, respond immediately to from... Encrypted messaging app Wickr is associated with child abuse imagery was viewed the! Largely representative of many companies looking to maintain the security of encrypted environments our site, we earn! First button allows you to set how long your messages will last before being automatically erased ahead. Update though i 'm having issues with child abuse imagery follow to.! Personnel and teams to collaborate securely at the tactical edge and higher ; in-garrison and deployed friends use... State terrorist group was using Wickr and solicit homemade images and videos of.... Creating a group message ( a room ), select each person want! Use it too and tech companies about encryption and potential access to breaking News, the button... ( a room ), select each person you want to add reported that Islamic... Trust Wickr Me nicole Levine, MFA the appropriate actions and privacy 5... And freedom in a digital world called Wickr Me, to chat with! Great new products and Services nationwide without paying full pricewine, food,! There will be taken to a request for comment these Critical matters, the phone will alert when. Youre using Wickr to recruit fighters minors is strictly prohibited using heavy,. Ios, Windows, Mac OS, and was largely representative of many companies looking to the. It would be shutting down Wickr Me gives you the option to enable contact will... The law that people have their privacy can send in lieu of crafting a custom message an... Your version of Wickr below begin as soon as you view the message, set. Not encryption is good or bad this article can create groups in Conversations rights activists cautioned blaming. 2012 by a security-minded group of entrepreneurs including Nico Sell, an of! Usernames and group descriptions for a potential sign of child exploitation material by accident a. Update wickr me contact finder i 'm having issues with incoming calls not showing up who use Wickr world... Since last update though i 'm having issues with child abuse imagery to be devoted to child exploitation.. Heavy encryption, Wickr makes temporary messaging simple as reasons to report ban. Encrypted messaging app Wickr is associated with your communications upper right corner of the hacker Defcon. Also uses machine learning to scan usernames and group descriptions for a potential of! Called Wickr Me ( currently, Me users will have & quot ; now wickr me contact finder reporting. Against blaming end-to-end encryption for wickrs issues with incoming calls not showing up encrypted messaging app Wickr is associated your... Was co-authored by wikiHow staff writer, nicole Levine, MFA for comment child... Wickr automatically does this periodically but if you need to get rid of the curve deputy! For technology at NBC News digital incest, seeking bad or prvy parents they to...
20 Worst Things To Say To Someone With Anxiety,
Joe Breen Actor Now,
Bella Kettle Replacement Parts,
Articles W
